Card punch control system



R. H. HALVORSEN CARD PUNCH CONTROL SYSTEM Dec. 11, 1951 15 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Oct. 2, 1948 wNJ Dc. 11, 1951 R. H. HALvoRsr-:N 2,578,185

CARD PUNCH coNTRoL SYSTEM Filed oct. 2, 1948 y15 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR RALPH H. HALVORSEN ATTORNEY Dec. 11, 1951 R. H. HALvoRsEN CARD PUNCH CONTROL SYSTEM 15 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed OCT.. 2, 1948 l 'lNvENToR RALPH H. HALVRSEN ATTORNEY Dec. 11, 1951 R. H. HALvoRsEN 2,578,185

CARD PUNCH CONTROL SYSTEM Filed Oct. 2, 1948 15 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENToR RALPH H. HALVORSEN mi? @M ATTORNEY Dec. 11, 1951 R. H, HALvoRsEN 2,578,185

CARD PUNCH CONTROL SYSTEM Filed Oct. 2, 1948 15 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR V RALPH H. HALVORSEN @YZ/M7 W5@ ATTORNEY FIG. 9

Dec. 11, 1951 R, H HALVORSEN 2,578,185

CARD PUNCH CONTROL SYSTEM Filed Oct, 2, 1948 15 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR RALPH H. HALVORSEN ATTORNEY FIG. IO

Dec. 11, 1951 R. H. HALVORSEN 2,578,185

CRD PUNCH CONTROL SYSTEM Filed Oct. 2, 1948 15 Sheets-Sheet '.7

a, o, mvENToR RALPH H. HALVORSEN Wfl/7 ATTORNEY FIG. Il

Dec. 11, 1951 R. H. HALVQRSEN 2,578,185

v CARD PUNCH CONTROL SYSTEM Filed oct. 2, 194s 15 sheets-sheet e INVENTOR RALPH H. HALVORSEN i? WM ATTORNEY FIG. I2

Dec. l1, 1951 R. H HALvoRsEN 2,573,185

CARD PUNCH CONTROL SYSTEM Filed Oct. 2, 1948 15 Sheets-Sheet G INVENToR ff RALPH H. HALVORSEN ATTORNEY FIG. I3

Dec. 11, 1951 R. H. HALvoRsEN CARD PUNCH CONTROL SYSTEM 15 Sheets-Sheet lO Filed Oct. 2, 1948 INVENTOR RALPH H. HALVORSEN BY A TTORNEY Dec. 11, 1951 R. H. HALvoRsEN 2,578,185

CARD PUNCH CONTROIJ SYSTEM v Filed Oct. 2, 1948 15 Sheets-Sheet l1 mvl-:NTOR RALPH H. HALVORSEN TTORNEY Dea 11, 1951 R. H. HALvoRsx-:N 2,578,185

I CARD PUNCH CONTROL SYSTEM Filed Oct. 2, 1948 15 Sheets-Sheet l2 FIG. I6

INVENTOR RALPH H. HALVORSEN ATTORNEY Dec. l1', 1951 R, H HALVQRSEN I 2,578,185

CARD PUNCH CONTROL SYSTEM Filed oct. 2, 1948 15 sheets-sheet 15 INVENTOR RALPH H. HALVORSEN ATTORNEY FlG. I7

Dec. 11, 1951 R. H. HALvomsEN 2,578,185

CARD PUNCH CONTROL sYsiM Filed OCT.. 2, 1948 l5 Sheets-Sheet 14 ATTORNEY Dec- 11, 1951 R. H. HALvoRsEN 2,578,185

CARD PUNCH CONTROL SYSTEM Filed OCT.. 2, 1948 15 SheeiiS-Sheefl l5 FIG. 22

xNvENToR RALPH H. HALVORSEN L? WM ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 11, 1951 2,578,185 CARD PUNCH coN'rRo'L SYSTEM Ralph Henry Halvorsen, Chicago, lill., assigner to Teletype Corporation, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Delaware Application october 2, 194s, serial No. `52,520 s claims. (o1. 175;*2)

This ,invention pertains to control systems and apparatus for effecting the automatic operation of tabulating card punch machines and which is particularly applicable for use in connection with telegraph systems.

A primary object of the invention is to control automatically tabulating card apparatus in response to incoming line signals.

Another object of the invention is to provide revertive control between card punch operating apparatus and control mechanisms therefor.

Another object is to provide a converter unit for translating telegraphic code signals into statistical code for operating statistical code card punching machines.

According to the invention, a perforated tape is prepared on a tape reperforator in response to code signals received over a telegraph line. The tapev is then inserted in the tape sensing or record reading portion of a translator unit or converter comprising a plurality of feeler members each one of which corresponds to a position in the tape that may or may not be provided "with a perforation, depending upon the particular code combination that is being read. Upon each momentary arrest of the control form the several tape feelers sense the code combination perforated in the particular positions, and upon the next movement the combination is transferred to an intermediate set of storage devices following which a set of code bars are also positioned in accordance with such code combination. The code bars are provided with notches on both top and bottom edges thereof and in this manner they accommodate a double alignment of selectable elements. In the preferred practice of the present invention the selectable elements are alternately and oppositely disposed with respect to each other in scissors-like fashion constituting two rows which are movable toward each other when urged into selected position. For each permutation of the code bars one and only one of these selectable elements may be placed into selected position and whenY any particular one is thus selected it acts to close an electrical contact associated therewith.

' These electrical contacts are analogous to the alphabet and function keys of a manually operated keyboard, wherein the contacts are operated by the keys. The alphabetic contacts are wired either directly or through a letters-figures shift contact mechanism to a slip connection block, through which electrical connection is made to the card punch operating apparatus. Timing contacts and function control relays are also pro- 2 vided in the converter unit for governing the operation of the card apparatus. v

A more comprehensive understanding of the present invention may be had from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the relative arrangement of the various units comprising the system yaccording to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a top View of the translating unit according to the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a side view, partly in section, of the translating unit shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 -is a sectional view taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a partial plan view of the selector mechanism; l

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on line 6 6 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 7 Vis a sectional view taken .on line 'I-l of Fig. 2;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken on line 8 8 of Fig. 2;

Figs. 9 to 14, inclusive, are component parts of an electrical circuit arrangement associated with the translating unit according to the present invention;

Figs. 15 to 18, inclusive, are component parts of an electrical circuit arrangement associated with the card punch apparatus; v

Fig. 19 is aview showing the relative arrangement of Figs. 9 to 14, inclusive;

Fig; 20 is a view showing the relative arrangement of Figs. 15 to 18, inclusive; y

Fig. 21 is a view showing the relative arrangement of Figs. 19 and 20, wherein Fig. 15 is superimposed upon Fig. 13;

Fig. 22 is a diagrammatic view showing the train of connections from the associated magnet for setting one of the punches in the card punch unit; 1

Fig. 23 is a plan view of one form of card for use in connection with the present invention; and

Fig. 24 is a detail perspective view showing the f locking slide mechanism.

Having reference to the drawings, Fig. 1 represents a block diagram of the various elements comprising the system according to the present invention. The principal control unit, also identifled herein as the translating unit or converter, is indicated by the numeric I I. The tape or record reader is indicated by the numeric I'2 and is suitably mounted on the converter I I. The contacts of the Atape reader I2 are connected by conductors |13 and I4 to a distributor I5 of the type shown in U. S. Patent No. 1,595,472 having a start-stop contact |6 and a plurality of sequentially operated contacts |1 (one for each unit of the code). Included in series in conductor |4 of the loop circuit are a page printer i9 of the type shown in U. S. Patent No. 1,904,164, and a reperforator |9 of the type shown in U. S. Patent No. 2,042,788.

The tape reader |2, as will appear hereinafter, controls the selective closure'of the operating contacts 2|. As previously stated, the contacts 2| are connected by individual conductors through a cable 22 either directly to a slip connection block 23 or through a dually positionable switch means of cam controlled letters-iigures shift contact mechanism 24. From the slip connection block 23 the conductors extend through a cable 25 to the record producing means or card punch apparatus 26 (such as shown, for example in Lasker Patent No. Re, 20,720). Facilities are provided for permitting the card punch unit 216 to, in turn, control the converter unit I, during certain periods of operation of the punch unit 26. This revertive control is effected over conductors extending through a cable 21, through certain contact terminals in the slip connection block 23, then over conductors in the cable 28 to control relays 29, 3| and 32, cam controlled timing contacts 33 and tape reader l2.

The converter unit is shown in detail in Figs. 2 to 6, inclusive. Mounted on the base 34 is a motor 35 having an armature shaft 36 on which is xed a pinion 31 meshed with a gear 38 xed to a cross shaft 39. A gear 4| is xedly carried on the cross shaft 39 and meshes with a gear 42 fixed to a shaft 43 disposed above and at right angles thereto. Operatively connected to the shaft 39 through the instrumentality of a clutch 44 is a cam sleeve 45 of the distributor l5. Also operatively connected to the shaft 39 through a I clutch 46 is a cam sleeve 41 which carries a set of timing cams 48, a spreader cam 49, a reset cam a tape feed cam 52, a sixth pin or tape-out cam 53, and a code bar reset cam 54.

Positioned in the base of the unit 34 are a plurality of code bars 55 (ve in the present instance), Figs. 3, 5, and 6, which are notched along their upper and lower edges to cooperate with a plurality of selectable members 56 disposed on each side of the code bars 55 and pivoted on a common pivot 51. The members 56 are biased toward each other by springs 58 common to each pair. Members 56 normally bear against blades 59 and 6| of a spreader device, shown in Fig. 4. The spreader device comprises a bar 62 slidably carried on a pair of pins 63. The slides 59 and '6| are connected to the bar 62 in parallel motion manner by means of links 64. Fixed to bar 62 is an element 65, the upper edge of which is bifurcated to receive the end of the depending arm of a lever 66 adapted to be operated by the spreader cam 49.

The extremities of members 56 cooperate with individual contacts 2|, hereinafter referred to as operating contacts. As shown in Fig. 6, the code bars `55 are articulated to individual bell cranks `|51 which cooperate with associated tape sensing levers 68. A bail member 69 functions to operate the sensing levers 68 under the control of the cam 54. Code bars 55 are also notched to cooperate with a reset bail 1| controlled by the reset cam 5|.

Upon the energization of magnet 12, the armature 13 thereof is operated to release the clutch 44 to effect the rotation of sleeve 45 to operate the transmitting contacts sequentially. At a predetermined time during the cycle of rotation a cam 14 on sleeve 45 will operate a clutch trip bail 15 to render the clutch 46 eiective to rotate the sleeve 41. The cam 54 thereon functions to operate bail 69 to permit simultaneous counterclockwise actuation of tape feeler or sensing levers 68 (as viewed in Fig. 6) for sensing code perforations or indicia in the tape. The code bars 55, normally held in their leftward position,

`are, in timed relation to the tape sensing operation, released by the reset bail 1I for rightward movement by their individual springs (not shown), under the control of the reset cam 5|. Only those code bars 55 will move rightwardly whose bell cranks 61 are not blocked by the ends 16 of feeler levers 68.

In timed relation to the setting of the code bars 55, the cam 49 will operate bail 66 to retract .the blades 59 and 6| of the spreader device, thereby permitting springs 58 to draw the members 56 toward the code bars 55. In accordance with well known principles of permutation code selection,` one of the members 56 will iind an alignment of notches and will therefore be drawn further than the remaining members 56 to eiect the closure of its associated contact 2 The closing of contacts 2| selectively in this manner is analogous to such closure by the keys of a keyboard device. It is seen that in accordance with the present invention the contacts 2| are operated automatically under the control of a perforated tape.

The cross shaft 43 is constantly rotating, and rotation is imparted to a timing cam sleeve 11 carried thereon through the instrumentality of a clutch 18 controlled by a clutch release magnet 19. Also mounted on the shaft 43 is a letterfigures shift cam 8|. Rotation is imparted to the cam 8| through well known friction clutch means under the control of a clutch magnet 82. Associated with the cam 8| are a plurality of banks of contacts 83.

Mounted on the base portion 34 of the con' verter unit are a plurality of control relays 84 to 88, inclusive. As will hereinafter appear, relay 84 controls the trip operation, which includes the punching, canceling, carriage return, and card eject operations of the card punch apparatus. Relay 85 controls the disconnect operation and is employed when it is desired to disconnect the punch unit from the transmitting unit to eiect transmission to the page printer and/or reperforator only. Relay 86 is the key lock relay and is employed to achieve revertive control between the card punch apparatus and the unit 34. Relay 81 controls the skip or tabulating operation of the card punch unit 26 and/or page printer |8. Relay 88 controls the intermediate trip function of the punch unit 216 which is the return of the punch setting carriage to some intermediate point instead of to the beginning of the line or card columns. A more complete understanding of the function and utility of the unit will be had from the ensuing description of the system.

Having reference to the circuit arrangement shown in Figs. 9 to 14, inclusive, which figures are arranged as indicated in Fig. 19, the contacts 2| are shown at the lower portion of Fig. 9. Certain of the contacts 2| are connected to conductors included in a cable 9|. Other contacts 2| are connected to cable 92, others to cable 93, and still others to cable 94. Certain other contacts 2i are connected directly to individual conductors. as shown. As may be seen in Figs. 9, 10,

i1, and '12, certain etnie alphabetic ci operating contacts 2| l'which are connected to conductors in Alcables 5| 'and 94, and 'are thus connected to the vletters-iigures shift contact mechanism 2,

either througlh the letteregures contacts M. or

directly 'through :slip connection block 123. to the cardpunch y; orto one of the function relays, 1hereinafter described, contained in the 'unit "Assumingffor example, that the letters code Ycombination lis-.sensed in the tape, 'the letters Io'perating contact :99 will close. A circuit is thus completed :from positive battery on the lswitch |01, .through contact |02 (now closed), over-conductors |'63and lillthrough contact-39 (momentarily closed), over conductor |65 and through the -winding olf-magnet 82 to negative battery. Magnet 82, 'upon energization, closes jrits conta-:zt |06 to provide a locking circuit for said battery 'extending from positive battery .atv switch itil,

through contact |62, over conductors |03 and |52,

ver'conductors |67, |08, and |69, through normally closed contact over conducto-r fi i12. through contact |66 and through the winding of magnet 82.

It is thus vobserved that upon the momentary closing of contact 99, in response to thesensing `ci the letters 'shift code combination, the shift magnet 82 will become energized, and locked up -upon :closure of contact |56. Associated wit magnet 82 is an escapement pawl H3 which cooperates with -a ratchet wheel ||4 xed to the cam sleeve 8|. Upon alternate energization and de-energization of magnet 82 the escapernent wheel ||4 will rotate in increments of 45. 1n Fig- 7, the magnet 82 is shown as energired in response to the reading of a letters code combination in the tape, in which condition the locking -contact |66 is closed. Now, when the iigures code combination is sensed by the tape reader |2, the operating contact will be opened to break thelocking circuit for the magnet 82 which will thereupon become rie-energized thereby releasing `pawl ||`3 under the .pull of spring ||5 to permit the pawl I3, and hence the cam 8|, vto rotate 45, whereupon the A contacts of the contact banks 83 are opened, and `th'e"B contacts are closed .(Fig. 8). From the :foregoingA description it may be seen that the fletters-figures shift mechanismwill remain in fletters position until a gures signal has been sensed, and likewise remaining in a figures position until a letters signal has been sensed Vin the tape.

LAssuming that the character A is sensed in the :tape reader |2, the A operating contact H6 will close. The contacts 2|, of which contact I6 is a part, are so arrangedthat their conductor pairs, 'for example, conductors ||1 and Iii! of Contact H6, are connected to corresponding vterminalsyfor example, ||9 and |2| of the-slip connection block 23. The contacts of the slip connection block 23 shown in Figs. 11 and 12 `are connected in well known manner to the cont-acts of the slip connection block 23 shown in Figs. 13

and 14, respectively. Thus, terminals i9 vand |21 are connected to terminals |22 vand |23, -respeca tively.

Contact ||,6is rthus connected, on one side, over conductor through terminals Hfs and 1122., over conductors |24 and .|25 'to the terminal |26 vof the terminal .board 98 (Fig. 13). Contact ||6 is connected, on the other side, over conductor ||8., through .terminals |2| and |23 of the slip connection block 23, then over conductors |21 and |28 to .terminal |29 ofthe terminal board 33. Also connected to terminal |26, as shown in Fig. 15, isa conductor .|3|, so that the previously described circuit from contact I6 'over conductor novi/'extends over conductor |3| (Figs. '15, 1*?, and 18, respectively), 'through the winding ci .relay |32, over conductor |33 (Figs. 18 and it.

respectively), then over conductor |313 (Figs. 1:5 and 15, respectively) 'to terminal |35 'of the ter minal board l.118 (Fig. 15). Also connected to terminal v|35 is Ya conductor |36, which over .the lfollowing Vdescribed circuit, leads tc positive battery. Specifically then, the aforedescrli'bed circuit is traced to positive battery from terminal |35, over conductor |36., through contact |55? of On-OfVswitch 38, over conductors and i4 l, through contact |42 of a Repeat switch. vthrough contact |43 of switch |38, over conductor 44 to terminal |45 ,(of the terminal board 98) which is 4normally impressed with positive battery.

It 'now remains to trace the :aforedescribed cir cuit, closed Aby contact '|.|6, from terminal |29 to negative battery. Thus, from terminal |29 (Fig. '15) the circuit is traced over .conductors |46 and |31 to junction |48 (Figs. 15- and 17)., then through a solenoid |49, over conductor |51. through `Contact .|52 `(now closed) of a Lower Field-Upper Field. `transfer k.relay |53, over conductors |54, |55, and |56 to junction |57 `(Fig. 15), then over 'conductor |58 to vnegative Vbattery Y|59 .(Fig. 16) Upon the completion of this circuit `the 'solenoid |49 is energized vto effect the isetting of a punch interponent, as will `presently be .described.

A tabulating card |61 punched according to the present invention is shown in Fig. 23. Such 'cards may be punched Aas indicated at |62, thus employing 45 columns, or they .may be punched as indicated .in an upper field |63 and a lower iield |60 as described in the `aforesaid U. S. Patent Re. 20,720. In Fig. 22.is illustrated the train of connections from thesolenoid |43 for setting one Aof the punches. Each solenoid is provided with a plunger |64 therein, arranged to move upward vupon Aenergization .thereof to transmit movement through a Bowden wire |65 and actuate or rock an vassociated bell crank lever |66. The levers |66 are all pivo'tally mounted on a shaft |61 .carried by the usual carriage, designated as a whole bythe reference numeral |68. Each Bowden wire moves in a flexible casing 69 secured at one end to the associated solenoid housingand at its other end to acasing carrying block on the mov able carriage |68. The .carriage is arranged for lateral movement 'inthe usual manner along rails (not shown). v'lhestep-by-step feed movement of "the carriage is controlled by an escapement mechanism such as shown in U. S. Patent No, 1,684,546. Such escapement mechanism includes the usual universal bar actuated by the bell crank levers |66 and operativelyconnected with escapement pawls which coact with an escapement Wheel. A feed pinion is operatively connect-ed to the escapement wheel and meshes with a rack barilse'cured to therame-of the machine. Each operation of a bell crank |66 is therefore effective to control the feed pawls to bring about a single step or movement of the escapement wheel and permit the carriage to be advanced one space. A tabulating punch machine adapted to be con-r trolled by the present invention is disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 1,780,621.

The bell crank levers |56 are arranged in a row side by side and each is provided with a depending link or actuating device |12 pivotally mounted thereon at |13. Each bell crank lever |66 together with its actuating device |12 is returned to normal position by a restoring spring |14. The carriage is rst positioned and a setup is made in one column of a set basket designated as a whole by the reference numeral |15. This basket includes ve hundred and forty sliding set pins or plungers |16 arranged in rows, each row having twelve of said pins or plungers |16. Each of these plungers is provided with a locking pin |11 (Fig. 24) designed to engage a locking projection in a slot |18 in a locking slide |19. Each locking slide is pressed to the right to locking position by an individual spring (not shown).

According to the code used, the closure of a contact 2| will result in the operation of one or more solenoids |49 for the operation of one or more punches. As indicated in Fig. 23, the code combination for the character A is 5, and 9 and thus contains three perforations. It has been shown, hereinbefore, how one of the solenoids |49 (namely, 9 or IX) has been operated to produce one of these three perforations. The perforation of the other two holes (namely, and 5) are controlled by the relay |32. It is recalled that as a result of the closure of contact I6 the relay |32 and the solenoid |49 were energized. Relay |32 is provided with contacts |8| and |82. Contact |8| controls the operation of solenoid |83 for actuating the punch in the No. 1 position. Contact |82 controls the operation of solenoid |84 for actuating the punch in the No. 5 position. Thus, solenoids. |83, |84, and |49 control the punching 'of holes in the Nos. 5, and 9 positions, respectively of the code combination identied with the character A.

The circuit for energizing the solenoid |83 ex tends from positive battery terminal 45, over conductor |44 (Fig. 15), through contact |43 (now closed), through closed contact |42, over conductors |4| and |39, through contact |31, over conductor |36 to terminal |35 of the terminal board 98, then over conductor |34 (Figs. and 16) to junction i 5, then through resistance |86 to junction |81, then over conductor |88 (Figs. 16 and 18) to junction |89, through contact |81 (now closed) of relay |32, to junction |9|, then over conductor |92 (Figs. 17 and 18), through the winding of solenoid |83, over conductor |93, through contact |94 (now closed), over conductors |54, |55, and |56 (Fig. 17) to junction |51 (Fig. 15), then over conductor |58 (Figs. l5 and 16) to negative battery |59.

The circuit for energizing the solenoid |84 extends from positive battery terminal |45 (Fig. 15) over the same circuit just described for solenoid |83, up to junction |85 (Fig. 16), then through the resistance |95 to junction |95, then over conductor |91 (Figs. 16 and 18) to junction |98, through contact |82 (now closed), over conductor |99 to junction 29|, then over conductor 282 (Figs. 17 and 18) to junction 203, over conductor 294, through the winding of the solenoid |84 over` conductor 205, through contact 206, over conductor |54, |55, and |58 (Fig. 17) to junction 8 |51 (Fig. 15), then over conductor |58 (Figs. l5 and 16) to negative battery |59.

Included in the cable 92 are the conductors to the contacts 2| representing characters A, D, and L. From the slip connection block 23 (Fig. 13) the circuit for character D extends over conductors 201 and 208 to terminal 209, on the ter minal board 98, and over conductors 2||, 2|2, and 2|3 (Figs. 13 and 14) to terminal 2 I4 on the terminal board 98. From terminal 209 the circuit extends over conductor 2|5 (Figs. 15, 17 and 18), through the winding of relay 2|6, over con ductors |33 and |34 to terminal |35 (Fig. l5), then over conductor |38, through contact |31 (still closed), over conductors |39 and |4I, through contacts |42 and |43, and over conductor |44 to positive battery |45. Relay 2|6 upon energization closes its contacts 2|1 and 2|B to effect the operation of solenoids and 3 in addition to solenoid 5, as will presently appear. The solenoid |84 (controlling the No. 5 punch in the upper eld) will be energized over the circuit continuing from terminal 2|4, over conductors 2|9 and 204, through the winding of solenoid |84, over conductor 295, through contact 206, over conductors |54, |55, |56, and |58 (Figs. 17, l5, and 16) to negative ybattery |59 (Fig. 16).

The circuit for solenoid 22| (for controlling the 0 punch in the upper field) extends from positive battery over the previously described circuit to terminal |35, then over conductor |34 to junction |85, through resistance |85 to junction |81, then over conductor |89 (Figs. 16 and 18), through contact 2|8, over conductor 222, through the Winding of solenoid 22|, over conductor 223, through contact 224, then over conductors |54, |55, |58, and |58 to negative battery |59. The circuit for solenoid 224 extends from positive battery |45 over the previously described circuit to junction |85 (Fig. 16), then, through resistance to junction |96, then over conductor |91 (Figs. 16 and 18), through contact 2|1, over conductor 225 (Figs. 18 and 17), then through the winding of solenoid 224, over conductor 226, through contact 221, then over conductors |54, |55, |56, and |58 to negative battery |59.

From the. slip connection block 23 (Figs. l1 and 13) the circuit for the character L extends over conductors 221 and 228 to terminal 229 on the terminal board 98, and over conductors 23| and 232 (Figs. 13 and 14) to terminal 230 on the terminal board 98. The code combination for character L is 9 and 9. Therefore, it is necessary to operate sclenoids 5 and 9 in the upper or lower elds. However, since the transfer relay |53 is still set for upper field operation (as previously described), the present code will be described for upper eld operation. The circuit for solenoid |49 (that is, for punch No. 9 in the upper eld) extends from positive battery |45 (Fig. 15) over the previously described circuit to terminal |35, from thence over conductor |34 t0 junction 233 (Fig. 16), then through the winding of relay 234, over conductor 235 (Figs. 16 and 15) to terminal 229. From terminal 229 the circuit extends through terminal block 98 then up and back through cable 92 (passing through Contact L) then to terminal 236. From terminal 238 the circuit extends cver conductors 236 and 222 (Figs. l5 and 17), through the winding of solenoid 22|, then over the previously described circuit to negative battery |59.

Relay 234 upon energizing will close its `contacts 231 and 238. The closure of contact 231 f will complete a circuit for solenoid |49 from positive battery |95 (Fig. 15) over the previously described circuit to terminal |35, then over conductor |39 (Figs. 15 and 16) to junction |85, then through resistance |95 to junction |99, then over conductor 239, through contact 231 (now closed), over conductors 249 and |41 (Figs. 16, 18, and 1'1), through the winding of solenoid |99 then over the previously described circuit to negative battery |59 (Fig. 15).

It is noted that relay 234 also closes the con.- tact 238 which completes a circuit over conductor 25D for energizing the ER solenoid 29| (or L/ER .if switch |59 is set for lower .field operation). The ER solenoid 29| is the solenoid that controls the erase function, that is, the function wherein the punches are unlatched to be restored to their unselected position. In the event, one or more nonselected punches are inadvertently set or latched up in the row in which punches are to be operated then the desired punches are selected and held down while the erase bar is actuated to release the nonselected punch and is returned in time to latch up the selected punches. The erase bar is actuated by solenoids 24| or 292 through a Bowden wire individual thereto, and the slope of the-portion 223 (Fig. 24) associated with the erase bar is such that only slight depression of the erase barwill actuate the sliding bar |19 sufficiently to release a punch bar locking pin E11.

In a similar manner, the contacts 2| (Fig. 9) identified with characters N, V. X and the function SP (that is, spacing function) are connected to conductors included in cable 93 which extend to terminals in the slip connection block 23 (Figs. 11 and l2). From here the circuits are extended over conductors to terminals on the terminai block 98. The character N terminals on connection block 23 are connected (by conductors which can be readily traced) to terminals 299 and 2de of terminal board 99. Terminal 239 is connected to the Zero solenoid 22| (or the corresponding lower field solenoid) and terminal 2M is connected t relay 22.5 (Fig. 18) over conductor 2de. and returning to battery over conductors 221,

|33, and |311 over the previously described circuit to positive battery |555'. Relay 245 closes contact 269 to control the No. solenoid |84, and contact 'M3 to control the No. 9 solenoid |99.

The character V terminals on block 23 (Fig. 11) are connected to terminals 299 and |29 on terminal board 99. The code combination for the character V being 9, 3, and 9, the relay I9 is operated to control the 9 and 3 punch solenoids, and the 9 solenoid is operated direct from terminal |29.

The character X terminals on block 23 are connected to terminals 249 and |29 or board 99. The code combination for X being 9, 1, and 9, the relay 25| is operated so that its contact 252 controls the 9 sclenoids, and its Acontact controls the No. 7' solencids over obvious circuits. The terminal |29 controls the No. 9 solenoid, as previously described.

- Thev Space terminals (Fig. 12) cn clock 29 are connected to. the terminals 253 and of board 98. nected over the previously described circuit to ypositive battery |515 (Fig. l5). Thus, terminals |35 and 255 are connected together through the conductors leading to and from the SP contact 255 of. the contact group 2| and the circuit is. extended from terminal 253 over conductor 255v (Figs. 15 and 1.7) through thewinding of solenoid.

ity is noted that terminal. |35 is con- It is thus seen that the contacts 2| identiiied with single characters or functions are connected through cables 92 and 93 directly to the slip connection block 23. Other contacts 2| which are identied with both upper and lower case characters are also connected through cables 9| and 94 to the slip connection block 23, but not directly. These contacts are connected therewith through the letters-figures shiftJ mechanism 24. Thus, from a small number of contacts 2|, the shift mechanism 24 permits circuit connections to a larger number of slip connection terminals in block 2.3. This is made necessary from the fact that contacts 2| are selected in accordance with the Baudot code wherein certain code combinations represent two characters, one in upper case and one in lower case, and the particular character of the pair is determined by the shift or unshiff, code combination (that is gures or letters combination) preceding it. The terminals 23 are identified with characters to be represented by a tabulator or business machine code wherein every character has its own distinguishing code combination. Moreover, in accordance with a well known practice in the use of the Baudot code, a certain code combination in the lower case (letters or unshift) represents a letter or alphabet character, while in the upper case (gures shift) the same code combination represents a predetermined function.

Assuming that the letters-iigures shift mechanism 2d is in the letters position, as shown in Figs. 11 and 12, and that the character B contact 251 of the group of contacts 2| is closed, its conductors are connected through cable 9| to contacts 258 and 259 of mechanism 24. Contacts 258 and 259 are connected to conductors 26| and 292 through cable 95 to terminals 293 and 264, respectively, of the block 23 (Fig. 11). The circuit from terminal 263 then extends over conductors 265 and 266 to terminal 261 on the terminal board 98 (Fig. 13). Also, the circuit from terminal 264 extends over conductors 212 and 2|3 to terminal 2M on the board 98. From terminal 261 the circuit extends over conductor 268, through the winding of relay 269 (Fig. 18), over conductors 21|, |33, and |34 to terminal- |35 (Fig. 15) from whence the circuit extends over the previously described path to positive battery |45, From terminal 2|4 the circuit extends over the previously described path to energize the solenoid I 84 from whence the circuit is traced, as also previously described, to negative battery |59 (Fig. 16). Solenoid |84 controls the punching of the No. 5v hole, the codek for character B being and 5. Now, to punch the No. l hole, the relay 269 is energized to close its contacts 212 and 213. The closing of Contact 212 controls the energization of theV No. solenoid |83 over the previously described path including conductor |92. Battery is applied over conductor |91. The closing of contact 213 controls thel energization of the ER (erase) solenoid 24| for the purpose previously described. Depending on the vcode sensed in the tape, operating contacts 2| for characters C, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, M, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, W, Y, and Z will close and with the shift contacts of the mechanism 24 in the letters position will operate the necessary relays and punch magnets in the vcard punch unit (exemplified by thev circuit in Figs. 15, 16,17, and 18) in a manner similar to that described for character B Assuming that the code signal for Figures 

